The US legal and legislative system
framework is one checks and balances.
The legislative branch – the Senate and House of Representatives –
creates and passes law, which in most instances must also be signed by a President.
The executive branch, which now is
headed by President Trump, is tasked with administering US federal law. The President typically works through
agencies and departments in order to administer the law. For instance, the Department of Homeland
Security administers laws concerning, among other things, US immigration. The executive branch’s authority is limited
by the underlying law that is passed by Congress.
(As an aside, the President’s
authority to administer law is also limited by the third branch of
government—the judiciary. In the short
Trump presidency, we have seen several
instances where the judiciary has not backed down from exercising their
authority and limiting President Trump’s executive action.)
The scope of an underlying
Congressional law is what limits the President.
Accordingly, there are some things that President Trump can consider to
do, and other things that he probably cannot do.
Here is our list of H-1B-related
changes that President Trump can probably because these actions probably do not
exceed the underlying Congressional statute.
- Revoke H-4 / EAD authorization. This rule was put in by President Obama’s administration.
- Revoke prior Guidance Memoranda that is favorable to the H-1B program. In fact, he has already started down this path by revoking a 17 year old memorandum on the approvability of Computer Programmers.
- Increase H-1B employer or employee site visits. Site visits are clearly within Presidential authority. Again, the USCIS has recently released a press release notifying US employers of increased site visits.
- Increase obtuse/harassing RFEs and NOIDs. The President has indicated to DHS that it would like to see DHS use all its power to interpret rules against H-1B users.
- Delay Consular approvals under a cloak of “background checks”. The President generally has wide latitude to process or delay visa approvals.
Our next post will address whether
the Trump administration could change the H-1B lottery to a system whereby H-1B
lottery slots were awarded based on another criterion, such as the salary
offered to the H-1B worker.
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